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02. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock

You are given an array prices where prices[i] is the price of a given stock on the i-th day.

You want to maximize your profit by choosing a single day to buy one stock and choosing a different day in the future to sell that stock.

Return the maximum profit you can achieve from this transaction. If you cannot achieve any profit, return 0.

Examples

Example 1

Input: prices = [7,1,5,3,6,4]
Output: 5
Explanation: Buy on day 2 (price = 1) and sell on day 5 (price = 6), profit = 6 - 1 = 5.
Note that buying on day 2 and selling on day 1 is not allowed because you must buy before you sell.

Example 2

Input: prices = [7,6,4,3,1]
Output: 0
Explanation: In this case, no transactions are done and the max profit = 0.

Constraints

  • 1 <= prices.length <= 10^5
  • 0 <= prices[i] <= 10^4

Se te da un arreglo prices donde prices[i] es el precio de una accion en el dia i.

Deseas maximizar tu ganancia eligiendo un dia para comprar una accion y un dia diferente en el futuro para venderla.

Devuelve la maxima ganancia que puedes obtener de esta transaccion. Si no puedes obtener ninguna ganancia, devuelve 0.

Ejemplos

Ejemplo 1

Entrada: prices = [7,1,5,3,6,4]
Salida: 5
Explicacion: Compra en el dia 2 (precio = 1) y vende en el dia 5 (precio = 6), ganancia = 6 - 1 = 5.
Nota que no esta permitido comprar en el dia 2 y vender en el dia 1, ya que debes comprar antes de vender.

Ejemplo 2

Entrada: prices = [7,6,4,3,1]
Salida: 0
Explicacion: En este caso, no se realiza ninguna transaccion y la ganancia maxima es 0.

Restricciones

  • 1 <= prices.length <= 10^5
  • 0 <= prices[i] <= 10^4
best_time_to_buy_and_sell_stock.py
from typing import List

days: List[int] = [5, 7, 2, 1, 7]
profit: int = 0
buy: int
sell: int
buy, sell = 0, 1

while sell < len(days):
    if days[sell] > days[buy]:
        new_profit: int = days[sell] - days[buy]
        profit = max(profit, new_profit)
    else:
        buy = sell  # Found a lower price, update buy day

    sell += 1

print(profit)
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